UK onshore windfarms – Clean energy is just blowing in the wind

Since 2015 onshore wind development has been subject to a higher bar than many other energy projects. In practice, the policy has often been interpreted to mean refusal particularly where a proposal has met with any community opposition. These policy tests have now been removed so onshore wind is treated in the same way as other renewable energy proposals. 

The updated National Planning Policy Framework aims to streamline the planning process for new developments, striking a tricky balance between environmental concerns and the need to facilitate faster approvals for projects that meet sustainability criteria whilst still addressing public concerns through community engagement. Advances in technology have led to significant reductions in manufacturing, installation and maintenance costs for turbines making onshore wind one of the most cost-effective sources of renewable energy, playing an essential role in diversifying the energy mix, enhancing energy security and supporting local economies. Modern turbines are larger and more efficient than their predecessors and they can generate more power at lower wind speeds which enhances overall productivity combined with the integration of smart grid technologies allowing better management of electricity supply into the national grid. This economic viability has attracted substantial investment from both domestic and international stakeholders.

Despite these benefits, since 2015 the development of onshore wind farms has proved challenging. Opposition often raises concerns about visual impact, noise pollution, and potential effects on local wildlife  –  even a single dissenting opinion has previously held significant influence over consent. To address these concerns, alongside the more accommodating National Planning Policy Framework, developers are increasingly engaging with communities during the planning process to ensure that their projects align with local interests and environmental considerations. Developers are required to adhere to strict guidelines aimed at minimising adverse effects on wildlife habitats during both the construction and operational phases. Additionally, many projects incorporate measures such as bird monitoring programs or habitat restoration initiatives aimed at mitigating potential risks associated with turbine operation.

Moreover, these projects often include community benefit schemes that provide financial support for local initiatives such as schools, infrastructure improvements, or environmental conservation efforts. These contributions foster goodwill between developers and communities while ensuring local benefits from hosting renewable energy facilities. The UK's strategy surrounding onshore wind farms represents an essential pillar supporting its transition towards sustainable energy solutions while simultaneously fostering economic growth opportunities, all set against an increasingly urgent backdrop of action to combat climate challenges faced globally today. 

Please contact Paul Stones if you are a landowner, developer or energy company as we can assist with the legal complexities in the value chain from investigations into a target site through to planning, construction and contracting with end-users.